From Cosmopolitan · Gabrielle Kassel · · 1m 10s
Anal Douching Risks: Experts Explain
Anal douching may disrupt gut health and increase STI risk, experts warn.
In brief
Anal douching may disrupt gut health and increase STI risk, experts warn. Anal douching can reduce rectal bacterial diversity and raise HIV risk, according to medical research. Originally reported by Cosmopolitan.
Anal Douching Myths
Anal douching is often seen as necessary for anal sex but experts say it's rarely needed.
“People picture poop just hanging out right inside the anus and expect to encounter a mess every time they have anal sex. But that's not how it works.”
Rectal Microbiome Basics
The rectum and anus host bacteria that protect health and interact with the immune system.
“The rectum and anus are home to their own communities of microorganisms, mostly bacteria, that play a very important role in anal and rectal health.”
Douching Disrupts Balance
Douching before anal sex may lower bacterial diversity in the rectum, according to a 2026 study.
“A March 2026 study published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases suggests that douching before receptive anal sex may lead to a less diverse rectal microbiome.”
Mucus Layer Damage
Douching removes the mucus layer that protects rectal tissue and supports the microbiome.
“Water under pressure, soap, fragrance, essential oils, and coffee [enemas] can all take away that mucus layer.”
Tissue Damage Risk
Douching can cause tiny tears in the thin rectal lining, increasing infection risk.
“The lining is thin, and fluid forced in can cause tiny tears. It can nick the tissues.”
STI Connection
People who douche have higher odds of HIV and other STIs, per research.
“A previous review published in Sexually Transmitted Infections journal suggests that douching practices may affect the rectal environment and STI susceptibility.”
How to Protect Your Microbiome
Eat fiber-rich foods, wipe gently, and use iso-osmolar douches if you must.
“Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds, all of which can support a healthy microbiome.”
Listen to Your Body
Stop anal sex if you feel irritation, burning, or bleeding.
“Skip anal sex if you're feeling irritated down there. If discomfort crops up during the act, don't push through it.”
Here's the gist
Anal douching can reduce rectal bacterial diversity and raise HIV risk, according to medical research.
