Scammers held captive in cyber fraud operations

Cyber scammers in Southeast Asia are themselves trapped in forced labour, coerced into committing crimes they cannot escape.

Sep 22, 2026

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Scammers held captive in cyber fraud operations

Cyber scammers in Southeast Asia are themselves trapped in forced labour, coerced into committing crimes they cannot escape.

In brief

Cyber scammers in Southeast Asia are themselves trapped in forced labour, coerced into committing crimes they cannot escape. Cyber scammers operating in Southeast Asia are victims of modern slavery, forced to commit fraud under threat and unable to leave their operations. Originally reported by NPR.

Scammers trapped in forced labour

Cyber scammers operating in Southeast Asia are themselves victims of modern slavery, coerced into committing fraud under threat.

How the trap works

Victims are lured with promises of high-paying jobs, then held captive in compounds where they are forced to scam others.

Escape is nearly impossible

Escape is nearly impossible

Guards monitor workers constantly. Those who refuse or try to leave face violence, debt bondage, and threats against their families.

A modern slavery situation

Investigators describe the operations as modern slavery, where workers have no freedom, no pay, and no way out.

“modern slavery situation”

Victims and perpetrators blur

The scammers themselves are victims forced to harm others, creating a cycle where exploitation generates more exploitation.

Authorities struggle to help

Authorities struggle to help

Rescuing victims is difficult because they are scattered across borders, often lack documentation, and fear retaliation.

The short version

Cyber scammers operating in Southeast Asia are victims of modern slavery, forced to commit fraud under threat and unable to leave their operations.

Read the original on NPR

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